Packet 11: Bonus 14
This scientist’s accomplishments include developing a “hard rod” model for the lyotropic phase transition in liquid crystals. For 10 points each:
[10m] Among other relationships, the Peltier and Seebeck effects are connected by a set of equations named for what scientist, sometimes referred to as the “fourth law of thermodynamics”?
ANSWER: Lars Onsager [or Onsager reciprocal relations]
[10e] Onsager used a transfer matrix method to solve the 2-D form of this model, which represents ferromagnetism with a lattice of up and down spins.
ANSWER: Ising model
[10h] Onsager also extended Debye–Hückel theory to agree with this empirical law, which states that the molar conductivity of a solution is proportional to the square root of electrolyte concentration.
ANSWER: Kohlrausch’s law
<BC, Physics> | NAFTA-Packet-11
| Heard | PPB | E % | M % | H % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 13 | 13.08 | 85% | 39% | 8% |
Conversion
| Team | Opponent | Part 1 | Part 2 | Part 3 | Total | Parts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lex | WashU | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 | E |
| Maybe Ever | The Worst Trade Deal in the History of Trade Deals | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 | E |
| W&L+Friend | [Redacted] | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
| four high school generalists shock natives with fluent stock in Tocharian B | St. Marx | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 | E |
Summary
| Tournament | Edition | Match | Heard | PPB | E % | M % | H % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 NAFTA Online | 02/14/2026 | ✓ | 4 | 7.50 | 75% | 0% | 0% |
| 2026 NAFTA at Vanderbilt | 02/14/2026 | ✓ | 1 | 20.00 | 100% | 100% | 0% |
| 2025 NAFTA at Toronto | 09/13/2025 | ✓ | 1 | 20.00 | 100% | 100% | 0% |
| 2025 NAFTA at Maryland | 09/27/2025 | ✓ | 1 | 30.00 | 100% | 100% | 100% |
| 2025 NAFTA at Chicago | 11/08/2025 | ✓ | 6 | 11.67 | 83% | 33% | 0% |