Packet 5: Tossup 5

Note to moderator: read answerline carefully. A form of this phenomenon is magnified at habitat boundaries due to the presence of resource subsidies. To study this phenomenon in whole-lake systems, Carpenter and Kitchell first classified fish interactions in two Wisconsin lakes as either planktivorous or piscivorous. In 1980, Robert Paine coined the term for this phenomenon in part to describe a 1960 hypothesis proposing that fertility did not influence the emergence of the “green world.” A terrestrial study of this phenomenon began with the restoration of (*) gray wolves in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. (-5[1])Control (-5[1])of this phenomenon on a food chain by predation is referred to as “top-down.” For 10 points, name this phenomenon in which changes in abundance in a trophic level result in population changes at other trophic levels. ■END■ (0[4])

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