Packet 1: Bonus 16
Under Karl Weirstrass’s tutelage, this mathematician became the first woman to receive a modern doctorate in mathematics after submitting papers to the University of Göttingen in 1874. For 10 points each:
[10h] Who won the French Academy of Science’s Prix Bordin after discovering a namesake integrable system whose principal moments of inertia are in a 2-to-2-to-1 ratio?
ANSWER: Sofia Kovalevskaya [accept Kovalevskaya top]
[10e] The three integrable tops are the Kovalevskaya top, Euler top, and a top named for this mathematician. He names a quantity equal to kinetic minus potential energy.
ANSWER: Joseph-Louis Lagrange [accept Lagrangian]
[10m] When spinning a top, this process causes the circle traced out to become a looping curve. This process corresponds to a change in the second Euler angle.
ANSWER: nutation [prompt on wobbling or word forms]
<BC, Physics> | NAFTA-Packet-1
| Heard | PPB | E % | M % | H % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 40 | 15.00 | 85% | 40% | 25% |
Conversion
Summary
| Tournament | Edition | Match | Heard | PPB | E % | M % | H % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 NAFTA at Stanford | 01/17/2026 | ✓ | 4 | 20.00 | 100% | 75% | 25% |
| 2026 NAFTA at UBC | 01/17/2026 | ✓ | 1 | 30.00 | 100% | 100% | 100% |
| 2025 NAFTA Online | 02/14/2026 | ✓ | 4 | 7.50 | 50% | 25% | 0% |
| 2026 NAFTA at Vanderbilt | 02/14/2026 | ✓ | 3 | 16.67 | 67% | 33% | 67% |
| 2025 NAFTA at Toronto | 09/13/2025 | ✓ | 4 | 10.00 | 100% | 0% | 0% |
| 2025 NAFTA at Maryland | 09/27/2025 | ✓ | 5 | 16.00 | 80% | 40% | 40% |
| 2025 NAFTA at Harvard | 10/04/2025 | ✓ | 3 | 10.00 | 67% | 33% | 0% |
| 2025 NAFTA at Oxford | 10/11/2025 | ✓ | 3 | 16.67 | 100% | 33% | 33% |
| 2025 NAFTA at Chicago | 11/08/2025 | ✓ | 6 | 18.33 | 83% | 50% | 50% |
| 2025 NAFTA at Columbia | 11/08/2025 | ✓ | 5 | 16.00 | 100% | 60% | 0% |
| 2025 NAFTA at Richmond | 12/20/2025 | ✓ | 2 | 10.00 | 100% | 0% | 0% |