Packet 4: Bonus 2
A 2021 paper by Philip Metzger et al. argues that the Copernican definition of this word was replaced with a “folk taxonomy” based on astrology in the mid-20th century. For 10 points each:
[10e] What word, derived from the Greek for “wanderer,” was controversially redefined in 2006 by the International Astronomical Union?
ANSWER: planet [accept dwarf planet; accept “Moons Are Planets: Scientific Usefulness Versus Cultural Teleology in the Taxonomy of Planetary Science”]
[10m] The IAU considers Pluto to be a dwarf planet since it orbits the Sun, is in hydrostatic equilibrium, and lacks this dynamical characteristic.
ANSWER: clearing the neighborhood of other bodies [or orbital clearing; or clearing its orbit; or clearing its path; or or dynamical dominance; or gravitational dominance]
[10h] Although the IAU now discourages using astrological symbols for planets, it is still standard practice for astronomers to represent the Sun and Earth with these two symbols, as in the subscripts for their masses. Descriptions are acceptable.
ANSWER: ⊙ AND ⊕ [accept \odot, the circled dot, monad symbol, or descriptions of a circle with a dot in the center for “⊙”; accept \oplus or descriptions of a circle with a plus or cross in the center for “⊕”]
<FW, Other Academic> | NAFTA-Packet-4
| Heard | PPB | E % | M % | H % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 38 | 18.95 | 92% | 71% | 26% |
Conversion
Summary
| Tournament | Edition | Match | Heard | PPB | E % | M % | H % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 NAFTA at Stanford | 01/17/2026 | ✓ | 4 | 20.00 | 75% | 75% | 50% |
| 2026 NAFTA at UBC | 01/17/2026 | ✓ | 2 | 20.00 | 100% | 50% | 50% |
| 2026 NAFTA at Vanderbilt | 02/14/2026 | ✓ | 3 | 10.00 | 67% | 33% | 0% |
| 2025 NAFTA at Toronto | 09/13/2025 | ✓ | 4 | 25.00 | 100% | 100% | 50% |
| 2025 NAFTA at Maryland | 09/27/2025 | ✓ | 5 | 18.00 | 80% | 60% | 40% |
| 2025 NAFTA at Harvard | 10/04/2025 | ✓ | 3 | 16.67 | 100% | 67% | 0% |
| 2025 NAFTA at Oxford | 10/11/2025 | ✓ | 4 | 22.50 | 100% | 75% | 50% |
| 2025 NAFTA at Chicago | 11/08/2025 | ✓ | 6 | 20.00 | 100% | 100% | 0% |
| 2025 NAFTA at Columbia | 11/08/2025 | ✓ | 5 | 16.00 | 100% | 60% | 0% |
| 2025 NAFTA at Richmond | 12/20/2025 | ✓ | 2 | 20.00 | 100% | 50% | 50% |